Autism & Attachment

Attachment is a pretty cool concept in psychology.  

It's more than having a deep affinity for orange chocolate, rioja and Matthew Mc Conaughey's abs (or so my college tutors insist).  Attachment is the mutual feeling of security and love that develops between an infant and it's caregiver.  But as well as being warm and cuddly,  it's a deadly serious survival strategy.  Attachment ensures you'll continue to care for the outraged poop-machine that popped out of your (now traumatized) vajayjay.  Evolution hardwired us to fall in love with the fruit of our loins so we don't return the screaming balls of fury to the baby shop, strap on our sparkly high heels, and hit up the nearest nightclub.  Survival of the species etc. etc.

Healthy attachment happens when the caregiver responds to the baby in a loving, consistent way and they learn to co-regulate each others emotions.   The baby develops emotional resilience and is securely attached.  The child grows into an adult who can enjoy healthy, loving relationships.

Disordered attachment happens when care is inconsistent (resulting in insecure anxious attachment), or mostly absent or dismissive (causing insecure avoidant attachment).  Disorganized attachment arises when the caregiver oscillates between the two and the baby becomes.... well.... disorganized.    

The insecure, avoidant adult tends to be emotionally unavailable within relationships and may feel suffocated by love.  They dislike relying on others, and they mistrust intimacy.

The insecure, anxious adult tends to live in fear of abandonment and lack the resilience to cope with being left.  They're often needy, and seek validation from others.  I fall into this group, which is great fun for my (eternally patient) husband.  He totally ruined my anxiety with his damned love and consistency, though.  That, and lots (and lots and lots) of therapy have finally allowed me to retire my preoccupation with abandonment.  Hurray for nice husbands and therapy!

The insecure, disorganized adult tends to crave love while pushing it away, which isn't fun for anyone.

(there's a good article describing attachment here, including a quick test if you want to check what type you are)

That's all well and good when you're neurotypical.

But what about when you're autistic?  How do autistic people form attachments, and what can we do to help them thrive?

Not surprisingly, research shows that autism is associated with avoidant attachment styles.  More reading shows that when parents develop a secure relationship with their kid, that the outlook improves.  It's also hard to tell the difference between what behaviour is autism related, or attachment related.  

Academic papers aren't always helpful in the real world.  Sometimes they just muddy the water.

I think all we can do as parents is love our kids as best we can, and be kind to ourselves when we don't get it right.  I feel a deep love for all my kids, and I know they all love me back.... including Finian.  

Autistic people are clearly capable of forming healthy attachments.  It's our job as parents to do what we can to make this happen.

securely attached